Elementary school teachers play a pivotal role in the intellectual, social and emotional development of children. They must be competent in a variety of basic subjects including language arts, science, mathematics, social science, visual and performing arts, and physical education. Elementary school teachers also must have a strong foundation in the methods and practices of teaching, or pedagogy. This includes having strategies for managing classroom behavior, as well as understanding the different techniques that are used to teach different subjects.
A bachelor’s degree is required in order to teach elementary school. Degree requirements vary by state, but most states require an undergraduate degree with either a major or minor in education, or a master’s degree related to teaching or education. In addition to a degree, prospective teachers must obtain certification from the state where they plan on working and become licensed in that state. The exact requirements for certification vary by state, but most states require completion of a teaching education program followed by standardized testing. Only accredited teacher programs that have been approved by a state can be applied towards certification in that state.
The courses that are included in a teacher program for elementary school will be geared towards elementary education. Courses in teaching methods, the philosophy of education and the psychology of learning will also be included. Teachers who want to become certified in a given subject area must also complete specific testing unique to their state. The purpose of teacher testing is to demonstrate subject-matter competency and pedagogical knowledge. As mentioned above, testing requirements depend on the state where a teacher wants to be certified as well as on the grade level. For elementary school teaching candidates, subject matter testing typically covers reading, grammar, mathematics, science and social science. Some states have developed their own exams, while others use the standard Praxis Series Exams. These exams are administered by the same non-profit organization that sponsors the SAT and other educational tests. Once a teacher becomes certified and licensed to teach in a certain state, his or her education is not over. Most states require teachers to complete a minimum number of hours of continuing education in order to renew their license and remain certified. Also it is important to understand that not all states have tests for certification, but may have other requirements.
There is a growing demand for specialized types of teaching in most states, including Special Education and Gifted Student teaching. Teachers who work with students with special needs must be prepared to identify each child’s educational requirements and to work with families and school administrators to develop individualized instruction plans. Additional coursework, teaching experience and testing is required in most states for specialized types of teaching certification.
English as a Second Language (ESL) is another specialized form of instruction that requires separate certification that varies by state. After a teacher has completed a general teacher education program, worked as a student teacher and passed all required tests, an additional ESL subject test can be taken for ESL certification. Some states have alternative certification programs for ESL teachers. It’s important to note that not all states allow a teacher to add an ESL licence by taking an additional test. Teaching candidates and teachers who are interested in ESL certification should check with their state department of education for specific requirements.
